Child has congenital microtia, what consequence can you have?

Microtia, or congenital malformation of the outer and middle ear, is characterized by severe hypoplasia of the auricle, atresia or stenosis of the external auditory canal, and malformation of the middle ear, while the development of the inner ear is mostly normal, with certain hearing through bone conduction. It needs to be treated by total auricle reconstruction and auditory function reconstruction.

Congenital microtia can occur alone or as part of the syndrome. Common syndromes include Treacher Collins syndrome, Goldenhar syndrome, Nagar syndrome and Miller syndrome.

Etiology of congenital microtia

The exact cause of congenital microtia is not very clear, which may involve heredity, pregnancy and other factors. But it can’t be said that it is the problem of the father or the mother. Now there is no evidence that the diet, work and rest, disease and so on during pregnancy can cause this situation. So parents should not guess and blame each other.

Clinical manifestations of congenital microtia

The clinical features of patients with congenital microtia mainly involve the auricle, external auditory canal and middle ear, and the inner ear is often not affected. According to the degree of deformity, the most commonly used clinical classification is three types:

Degree I: the size and shape of the auricle changed, but the important surface marker structure of the auricle existed, the external auditory canal was narrow, and in serious cases, the external auditory canal appeared atresia;

Second degree: the most typical, there are only ears in the vertical direction, in the shape of dachshund, with atresia of external auditory canal;

Grade III: only the lumps composed of skin and cartilage remained, and no ear appeared in severe cases.

There are more than ten types of developmental disorders of middle ear in patients with congenital microtia, which are mainly the developmental malformations of ossicles, tympanic muscles and facial nerves, and are closely related to the severity of external ear malformations. In severe cases, congenital external ear malformation can be shown as one of the clinical symptoms of sequence sign, such as oculo Auriculo vertebral spectrum (OAVS). In addition to auricular malformation, the patients also suffered from hemifacial shortness (temporal bone, hypoplasia of maxilla or mandible), soft tissue malformation (protuberance or macrostoma), eyelid defect (eyelid defect, epithelial cyst of conjunctiva), spinal deformity, and congenital kidney and heart defects.

Does congenital microtia affect hearing?

Most of the congenital malformations of the small ear will be accompanied by malformations of the auditory canal and middle ear, but most of the inner ear is normal. That is to say, the child has hearing, but the contralateral side is poor. It’s different from person to person whether it’s necessary to open the ear canal. Opening the ear canal will improve hearing to some extent, but it will not be the same as normal. Therefore, if one side of the small ear malformation, the significance of opening the ear canal is not great, if both sides, we can consider opening the ear canal to improve hearing.

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