Acute otitis media in children refers to bacterial and / or viral pathogens directly entering the tympanic cavity through the eustachian tube to cause the infection of the mucous membrane in the middle ear cavity, which is usually secondary to the common cold and occurs within 48 hours with a course of no more than 12 weeks
Acute otitis media is a common and frequently occurring disease in children. Its incidence rate is about 4% in children. The peak age of the disease is 1-2 years old. Winter and spring are the high incidence period, and it is closely related to upper respiratory tract infection. According to statistics, the incidence of acute otitis media in children with upper respiratory tract infection is about 10%.
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Acute otitis media in children can be divided into acute non suppurative otitis media and acute suppurative otitis media.
Acute non suppurative otitis media vs. acute suppurative otitis media
Acute non suppurative otitis media is characterized by local symptoms, i.e. the earache is persistent; the earache of infants can be characterized by irritability, sometimes by covering and pulling the ears, or even affecting sleep. Only early patients with upper respiratory tract infection may have fever.
Acute suppurative otitis media can be accompanied by high fever, crying, nausea, vomiting and other systemic symptoms in addition to the local persistent severe otodynia symptoms and the characteristics of infant otodynia. The symptoms will be relieved until the ear purulent. Part of the children had early hearing loss.
If children suffer from acute otitis media without standardized treatment, it can lead to hearing loss of children. In serious cases, it can cause internal and external complications, including retroauricular and infraauricular abscesses, as well as intracranial complications such as meningitis, extradural abscess, subdural abscess, brain abscess, and even life-threatening.
Treatment
The etiological treatment of children’s acute otitis media is mainly the application of antibiotics, combined with other symptomatic treatment, based on the principle of comprehensive treatment, and according to the needs of its clinical treatment in order as follows.
1. First of all, take antibiotics according to the doctor’s instructions.
2. Secondly, local treatment can be carried out according to the symptoms. For example, 1% phenol glycerin ear drops can be used to treat the early symptoms of acute non suppurative otitis media.
3. Finally, if necessary, surgical treatment is needed, such as tympanotomy and drainage for the complications caused by acute suppurative otitis media such as retroauricular abscess and acute suppurative mastoiditis, and tympanotomy and tube placement for the recurrent acute non suppurative otitis media effusion.
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